Jackets Buying Guide
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The theory behind the layering system is that several thin layers of clothing will trap heat far more efficiently than fewer thick layers; keeping you warmer. Layering allows you to make quick adjustments based on changes in the weather and your activity levels, leaving you feeling warm, dry and comfortable. If you are feeling cold, add a layer, if you feel hot, take a layer off!
Traditionally the layering system has been explained as a 3-stage concept as we demonstrate in the illustration below. However, you can adapt the process to suit your individual needs and varying climates by adding as many layers as you like.
How it works
Layering works by creating air spaces between each layer of clothing to trap warm still air. This forms a microclimate that surrounds your body to keep you warm, whilst also transporting perspiration away from the skin so you remain dry and comfortable.
Moisture transportation occurs because everything in nature moves toward equilibrium. Hot air moves toward cooler regions and moisture moves toward drier areas. Therefore, moisture with a higher concentration of heat and humidity (such as that generated in a jacket when exercising) will move towards an area of lower concentration/lower temperature (outside the jacket).
The Baser Layer - Moisture Management
The base layer is essential to any successful layering system and carries sole responsibility for transporting moisture away from the skin; dispersing it through the fabric to the next layer. This transportation allows the body to keep cool when exercising and prevents a chill when resting. Merino wool, polyester and polypropylene make up technical base layers, each having their advantages and performing far better than standard cotton which holds sweat, causing you to feel cold and clammy when resting.
Polypropylene moves moisture away the fastest but needs to be close fitting to work properly; choose it for high exertion activities or if you sweat a lot.
Polyester wicks moisture away well and is a good all rounder, but tends to get smelly unless other anti-microbial fibres are added to the blend. Good for day hikes or activities where you can wash it afterwards.
Example: Berghaus Men's Long Sleeve Technical T-ShirtMerino wool is a great insulator, keeping you warm in colder, exposed conditions. Merino wool is also naturally anti-microbial and wicks moisture away well, making it a great choice for longer expeditions where you need to travel light and can't wash your kit regularly.
The Mid Layer - Insulation / Warmth
The mid layer works as an extension of the base layer, continuing the transportation of moisture from the undergarments and providing further insulation to retain your body heat.
Example: The North Face Men's Khyber 1/4 Zip FleeceThe Outer Layer - Weather Shield
The outer layer or shell is your principal barrier from the weather. It should allow air to circulate and permit moisture to escape. For dry conditions a breathable, wind resistant soft-shell is generally sufficient, but when there is a chance of rain you will need a waterproof rain jacket made in a breathable and waterproof fabric such as Gore-Tex, AQ or HyVent.
Example: The North Face Men's Upland JacketQuick Tip
It is essential to ensure that each layer you wear is breathable, so moisture can travel between the layers and escape through the outer shell. If moisture becomes trapped before it is able to move away from the body, when you stop the moisture will cool, causing a chill. Remember to choose a base layer made from a performance fabric that wicks perspiration away from your skin to the other layers and not just an old cotton t-shirt!
© Blacks Outdoor Retail Ltd. 2012
